Pirke Avot, literally “Chapters of Fathers.” This phrase has been variously interpreted as “Ethics of the Fathers,” “Wisdom of the Talmud,” “Sayings of the Fathers,” and so on. The correct title of the tractate in the Mishnah, to which this book is a guide, is simply Avot. . Avot was put in nearly final form around 200 CE by one of the last and greatest Sages in the book, Yehudah haNasi. The Sages anthologized here were scholars and teachers of Jewish law and religion, and
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